![]() ![]() Example: Endometrial hyperplasia can lead to endometrial adenocarcinoma Pathologic hyperplasia have clinical significance because they constitute fertile soil for cancerous proliferation of the cells.Viral infections – As response to viral infections such as papilloma viruses, which cause skin warts and lesions composed of masses of hyperplastic epithelium.Benign prostatic hyperplasia due to androgens.Endometrial hyperplasia due to increase in estrogen.Pathologic hyperplasia is caused due to excessive or inappropriate actions of hormones or growth factors.Bone marrow hyperplasia in response to deficiency of terminally differentiated blood cells as in case of acute bleed or hemolysis.Compensatory hyperplasia of liver after partial hepatectomy.Hyperplasia of glandular epithelial cells of female breast at puberty, pregnancy and lactation.Examples of physiologic hyperplasia are.Physiologic hyperplasia occurs when there is need for increased functional capacity of organs or as compensatory increase after damage or resection.Hyperplasia can be physiologic or pathologic.In hormonal hyperplasia, hormones by themselves act as growth factors All these changes lead to production of transcription factors that turn on many cellular genes resulting in cellular proliferation.Activation of intracellular signaling pathway. ![]() Increased levels of growth factor receptors on cells.I ncreased local production of growth factors.Hyperplasia takes place if the cells are capable of synthesizing DNA, so that mitotic division can occur.Definition – Hyperplasia is increase in number of cells in an organ or tissue resulting in increased volume of organ or tissue. ![]()
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